Passenger pigeon numbers11/3/2023 Retrieved from įox AD, Madsen J, Boyd H, Kuijken E, Norriss DW, Tombre IM, Stroud DA (2005) Effects of agricultural change on abundance, fitness components and distribution of two arctic-nesting goose populations. Retrieved from įDA (2018) Questions and answers on lead in foods. Retrieved from ĭucks Unlimited (2018b) Maryland conservation projects. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 183 pĭucks Unlimited (2018a) Virginia conservation projects. ĭoughty R (1975) Feather fashions and bird preservation: a study in nature protection. Retrieved from ĭe Francisco N, Ruiz T, Agüera E (2003) Lead and lead toxicity in domestic and free living birds. Retrieved from ĭean G (2014) Former VP Cheney hunts with Grand National Waterfowl Association. Accessed ĬNB (2016) Maryland natural resources police arrest suspects for illegal goose hunting and oyster poaching. Retrieved from Ĭ (2018) Carroll Museums: making history yours. Accessed Ĭarlson J (2013) Hunting for dinner: making coot edible (and a recipe for Coot Cotechino) | simple, good and tasty. Estuaries 1(3):171–182īiello D, Biello D (2014) 3 billion to zero: what happened to the passenger pigeon? Scientific American. īayley S, Stotts V, Springer P et al (1978) Changes in submerged aquatic macrophyte populations at the head of Chesapeake Bay, 1958-1975. īartzen B, Dufour K, Clark R et al (2010) Trends in agricultural impact and recovery of wetlands in prairie Canada. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimoreīarrios L, Rodríguez A (2004) Behavioural and environmental correlates of soaring-bird mortality at on-shore wind turbines. Retrieved from īaldassarre G (2014) Ducks, geese, and swans of North America, vols 1 & 2. Īssociated Press (2017) In Maryland, canvasback duck ‘represents the hunting culture of the area’-Outdoor news. KeywordsĪnkney C (1996) An embarrassment of riches: too many geese. This points to the need to continue tight regulation of hunting and investment in habitat restoration. The recovery of other species, such as the canvas back duck ( Aythya valisineria) is much less complete. The Canada goose ( Branta canadensis) has gone from near extinction in 1920 to the status of a nuisance species in many locations due to its ability to forage on industrial grain farms. This act, subsequent legislation, and efforts to recover lost habitat combined to rebuild the populations of most species of waterfowl that frequent the Chesapeake Bay. This led to the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918, the first national environmental legislation for the US. Many of the political elite hunted waterfowl and helped push legislation to protect their pastime. The loss of the passenger pigeon informed efforts to prevent the same fate befalling widely hunted waterfowl species. The combination of over-hunting and habitat loss drove the nineteenth Century extinction of the passenger pigeon ( Ectopistes migratorius), a migratory species which once was the most populous bird in N. The railroads also spurred development of wildlands and the expansion of agriculture, reducing habitat for terrestrial and water birds. These new forms of transportation brought ice for preserving the kill from northern states, and allowed hunters to send the chilled carcasses of slain birds to distant restaurants, hotels, and market centers. The advent of the steamboat and railroad opened up new markets for fowl. Despite the new weaponry, populations of game-birds remained fairly abundant for the first century after colonization, since most hunting was for feeding families. English colonists introduced the shotgun as an effective weapon against swimming, flying and roosting birds. Hunting of fowl was a part of the Chesapeake Bay Region’s food system from the earliest times.
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